Olympic Sex Testing Returns, Reigniting Debate Over Who Qualifies as a Woman in Sports
The International Olympic Committee recently announced it will again require genetic sex screening for women athletes and bar many transgender and intersex competitors from women’s events beginning with the 2028 Los Angeles Games—reviving a policy widely criticized for its scientific flaws and human cost, and underscoring the continued relevance of this Ms. article from the October 1988 issue: "Chromosome Count."
"I am an athlete, and I am a woman—or at least I believe I am. Yet for women competing on the world stage, that identity has long been treated as suspect, subject to invasive 'verification' by chromosome testing that claims to define femininity through a lab result rather than lived reality.
"Since 1968, female athletes have been required to submit to these screenings, where something as complex as sex is reduced to XX or XY—despite the many natural variations that defy such rigid categories.
"But these tests have never been as objective or fair as they claim. Women with no competitive advantage have been singled out, humiliated and even disqualified, their identities questioned and their careers erased.
"The story of athletes like Ewa Kłobukowska reveals the human cost of this policy—one built not on sound science, but on fear, misconception and a narrow, deeply flawed definition of what it means to be a woman."
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